JupiterDEX aggregator
How are Jupiter swaps taxed in Germany?
In short
Jupiter is an app and a program on Solana that you use to swap one token for another. For tax, every swap like this has two sides: you dispose of the token you give up and acquire the one you receive.
If no more than a year passes between buying the token you give up and the swap, the gain is taxable under § 23 of the Income Tax Act (EStG), unless your gains from all private sales in the year add up to less than €1,000. The network fee counts as deductible expenses (Werbungskosten).
- As of:
- 14 October 2026
- Based on:
- § 23 EStG, BMF letter of 6 March 2025
What is Jupiter?
People who say "Jupiter" usually mean one of two things: the app at jup.ag, where you pick the tokens and the amount, or the program on the Solana blockchain that carries out the swap. The app is the interface and the program does the work: it finds the best route through the pools of other protocols such as Raydium, Orca or Meteora and makes the swap there. That's why it's called an aggregator.
Many other apps and wallets use the Jupiter program in the background. Even if you've never been on jup.ag, a swap in your wallet may have gone through Jupiter.
- The app jup.ag You choose what to swap and confirm in your wallet.
- The program JUP6Lk…TaV4 Jupiter Aggregator v6 finds the route and carries out the swap.
- The pools Raydium, Orca and others This is where the tokens you swap against sit, often across several pools at once.
For tax, only the swap counts: one token leaves your wallet and another arrives. Whether you swap on jup.ag, in another app or directly in a pool makes no difference to that.
Jupiter at a glance
A Jupiter swap on the blockchain
A real swap through Jupiter from a public wallet, the way TaxMaxi reads it. Next to each item the wallet gives up or receives, you can see what it means for tax.
- −103.575808 JUP Disposalat the euro value of what was received
- +70 USDC Acquisitionstarts the one-year period
- −0.000019074 SOL Network feedeductible expenses (Werbungskosten) of the swap
Programs called
- JupiterJUP6Lk…TaV4finds the route and runs the swap
- Orca WhirlpoolwhirLb…tyCcthe pool the swap went against
The programs only name the route.
An example in euros
You buy SOL and, less than a year later, swap part of it into USDC through Jupiter. This is how TaxMaxi works out the swap:
- 1 January 2024Bought 2 SOL for €200.00
- 1 September 2024Swap: 1 SOL given up
- 1 September 2024Received: 150 USDC, worth €150.00
- 1 September 2024Fee: 0.001 SOL
- Proceeds value of the USDC received
- €150.00
- Cost basis 1 SOL from 1 January 2024
- − €100.00
- Deductible expenses (Werbungskosten) the network fee
- − €0.15
- Gain after 244 days, taxable
- +€49.85
The fee in SOL is itself a small swap, so the year 2024 comes to +€49.90. That is under the exemption limit of €1,000: if it's your only gain from private sales in the year, you pay no tax on it.
If you had bought the SOL before 1 September 2023, more than a year before the swap, the same gain would be tax-free.
Worked out by TaxMaxi's tax engine, on the same principles as for your wallet.
The legal basis
Whether a swap costs tax is set by the Income Tax Act (EStG), above all § 23 EStG on private sales. How tax offices apply this to crypto is set out in the finance ministry's letter of 6 March 2025, which binds them.
The letter is divided into numbered paragraphs (Randnummern). Each principle below says where to find it; a click opens the letter at that spot.
- 1
-
2
One-year holding period
The year runs from the day of acquisition to the swap, and each swap starts it again for the token you receive. There's no extension to ten years. For tokens you acquire from 2027, a finance ministry draft would drop the holding period: What is set to change from 2027.
- 3
- 4
- 5
- 6
-
7
The exemption limit (Freigrenze)
If the sum of all your gains from private sales in the year stays under €1,000 (up to 2023: €600), it's tax-free. Above that, all of it is taxable, not only the part over the limit.
See the BMF letter, paragraph 53
-
8
Rent for token accounts
When you receive a token for the first time, the swap creates an account for it and puts down a small amount of SOL as rent. That isn't a swap: the SOL stay yours and come back when the account is closed.
See the BMF letter, paragraph 54
Common questions
Is a swap into USDC or another stablecoin taxable?
Yes. A stablecoin is a crypto asset too, so this is a swap like any other: the token you give up counts as disposed of, at the euro value of the stablecoins you receive.
What if I held the token for more than a year?
Then the gain from the swap is tax-free, however large it is. For the token you receive, the one-year holding period starts again at the swap.
Do I have to report every swap separately?
Every taxable swap is a separate disposal with its own date, proceeds and cost basis. TaxMaxi works out each swap on its own and sums them up in the report for the year.
Do losses from swaps reduce my tax?
Losses from swaps within the one-year holding period are offset against gains from private sales in the same year. Whatever is left can be carried forward or back to other years.
Does it matter which pools Jupiter routes the swap through?
No. Jupiter often splits a swap across several pools. For tax, only what your wallet gives up and what it receives counts.
More Solana protocols
This page explains how TaxMaxi calculates. It is not tax advice and does not replace a tax advisor.